Homework, Friday, March 17th, 2017

Read the extract from the Malala Yousefzai speech and answer the questions that follow. If you want to watch the whole speech, you can find it here: 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3rNhZu3ttIU


When answering the questions, you might want to refer to some of the literary techniques mentioned in the table below:

Example	Technique	What or how?	Why writers sometimes use it
His speech was a million times more effective.	Hyperbole	How	To ram home a point by making something seem more dramatic, powerful or important than it is.
Grizzly intruder loses its bearings	Wordplay/humour	How	To make the reader laugh, which makes reading the text more enjoyable.
Last year, 3.5 million people signed up to Facebook.	Fact/statistic	What	Statistics are used to prove certain points, which gives them more credibility so the reader takes them more seriously.
He was gigantic, with frenetic hair and a magnetic smile.	Powerful, lively adjectives	How	Adjectives are often used to make the writing livelier and more engaging for the reader.
No, no, no!	Repetition	How	You will find this a lot in speeches; the effect on the reader is to make the repeated word or phrase stick in the mind.
John Campbell, 37 from Worcester, has always loved cheese.	Case study of a specific person	What	When you read details about a specific person, you form a connection with that person, and this makes the writing more engaging.
The long, sinewy fingers of the trees reached out towards me.	Personification	How	This is a type of metaphor. The effect on the reader is to make objects easier for the reader to visualise by giving them human qualities.
The fuzzy fiend foraged among the foliage.	Alliteration and wordplay	How	By using several words with the same first letter in the same sentence, the sentence is more likely to stick in the reader’s mind. It also helps to break up the rhythm of the text.
The last race took place in 2013 and drew a huge   crowd.	Example of a specific event	What	Like statistics, details of specific events are sometimes used to back up a point that is being made and make it more credible.
First Miliband, then Cameron, and now Farage.	List	What/how	Like alliterations, lists have their own rhythm, and this makes them more likely to stick in the reader’s mind.
Has the time not come to end this madness?	Rhetorical question	How	By posing a question, the writer is attempting to engage the reader by getting him/her to think of the answer.
Surprise, surprise, James Bond is driving an Aston Martin.	Sarcasm/humour	How	Sarcasm is a way of making a negative comment about something in a way that engages the reader. In this case, the point is that James Bond always drives an Aston Martin, which is a bit boring.
He had a burning coldness about him.	Oxymoron	How	By placing two opposing ideas next to each other in a sentence, that sentence is more interesting to the reader, because he/she has to think about it.
You should really be exercising at least three times a week.	Advice and direct address.	What/how	This is a way of connecting directly with the reader by making him/her think about something he/she should perhaps be doing.
Watching this movie is like being slapped in the   face with a fish.	Simile/hyperbole	How	Like all types of metaphor, similes make a description of something more interesting and therefore more engaging for the reader.
‘I couldn’t believe it,’ said Mr Campbell.	Quote	What/how	Quotes are probably most common in articles, and are a great way of getting the reader to form a connection with the people in the story.
Fernando was a lion among zebras.	Metaphor	How	In this example, the writer wants to think of Fernando as being fierce and possibly quite dangerous. Calling him lion gets this point across to the reader in a more interesting and engaging way.
I just don’t think people really enjoy it.	Personal opinion	What	Although facts give a point credibility, people may sometimes be interested in your personal opinion. This is most common in speeches.

The following is an extract from a speech by the human rights activist Malala Yousafzai delivered to the youth version of the United Nations on July 12^th, 2013.

…

I don't know where to begin my speech. I don't know what people would be expecting me to say. But first of all, thank you to God for whom we all are equal and thank you to every person who has prayed for my fast recovery and a new life. I cannot believe how much love people have shown me. I have received thousands of good wish cards and gifts from all over the world. Thank you to all of them. Thank you to the children whose innocent words encouraged me. Thank you to my elders whose prayers strengthened me.

…

There are hundreds of Human rights activists and social workers who are not only speaking for human rights, but who are struggling to achieve their goals of education, peace and equality. Thousands of people have been killed by the terrorists and millions have been injured. I am just one of them.

So here I stand: one girl among many. I speak, not for myself, but for all girls and boys. I raise up my voice, not so that I can shout, but so that those without a voice can be heard. Those who have fought for their rights: their right to live in peace, their right to be treated with dignity, their right to equality of opportunity, their right to be educated.

…

Dear sisters and brothers, we realise the importance of light when we see darkness. We realise the importance of our voice when we are silenced. In the same way, when we were in Swat, the north of Pakistan, we realised the importance of pens and books when we saw the guns.

The wise saying, “The pen is mightier than sword” was true. The extremists are afraid of books and pens. The power of education frightens them. They are afraid of women. The power of the voice of women frightens them. And that is why they killed 14 innocent medical students in the recent attack in Quetta. And that is why they killed many female teachers and polio workers in Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa and FATA. That is why they are blasting schools every day.  Because they were and they are afraid of change, afraid of the equality that we will bring into our society.

I remember that there was a boy in our school who was asked by a journalist, “Why are the Taliban against education?” He answered very simply. By pointing to his book he said, “A Talib doesn't know what is written inside this book.” They think that God is a tiny, little conservative being who would send girls to the hell just because of going to school. The terrorists are misusing the name of Islam and Pashtun society for their own personal benefits. Pakistan is peace-loving democratic country. Pashtuns want education for their daughters and sons. And Islam is a religion of peace, humanity and brotherhood. Islam says that it is not only each child's right to get education, rather it is their duty and responsibility.

Read the Malala Yousafzai speech extract and answer the following questions:

1. Who does Malala thank first in the extract?

2. Why do you think she does this?

3. How, in the first paragraph, does she try to make it seem like everyone listening is part of the same group?

4. Why do you think she does this?

5. Complete the sentence: ‘Thousands of people have been ___________ by the terrorists and millions have been ________________.’

6. For whom does Malala speak, according to the speech?

7. What two literary devices are used in the last two lines of the third paragraph?

8. Complete the sentence: ‘Dear brothers and sisters, we realise the importance of ___________ when we see ____________________.’

9. What literary technique is this an example of?

10. What ‘wise saying’ does Malala refer to in the fifth paragraph?

11. This saying is an example of which technique?

12. Why, according to the fifth paragraph, have so many females been killed by extremists?

13. There is a case study of a specific person in the final paragraph of the extract. Who is this person?

14. Why do you think Malala has mentioned him?

15. Now have a go at the following 10 mark exam-style question:

How does Malala Yousafzai try to convince us that we should stand up to extremists? Focus on what is said and how it is said.